Funct. Mater. 2021; 28 (3): 486-491.
Transformation of structure and properties of structural steel during nanomodification and strengthening treatment
1Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
2Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University
The state of the problem of structure transformation and increase of mechanical properties of low-alloyed structural steels was investigated. The effect of hard-melting nanodispersed Ti(CN) particles on the structure formation of Si-Mn grain-refined steels was studied. Nanodispersed powder compositions of Ti(CN) with a fraction up to 100 nm were obtained by the method of plasma-chemical synthesis. The use of nanodispersed Ti(CN) compositions with a size of 50 nm as modifiers for structural steels 09G2 and 09G2C has been proposed and theoretically substantiated. The specified optimal amount of nanodispersed modifier Ti(CN) for processing structural steels 09G2 and 09G2C is 0.10 % of the mass. The grain refinement of castings in 2.0-3.5 times and grinding of ferritic-pearlitic structure of structural steels was achieved. Nanodispersed powder of titanium carbonitride Ti(CN) with a fraction from 50 to 100 nm was obtained by the method of plasma-chemical synthesis, and the technology of the modification process was developed. Severe plastic deformation of 09G2 and 09G2C steel castings was carried out. The structure, microhardness and properties of steels before and after treatments were studied. Grain refinement of steel and rise of yield point from 900 to 1250 MPa were achieved as a result of a combination of methods of hardening. An increase in strength characteristics of thermally unhardeneded steels can be achieved by reducing the grain size, strengthening the grain boundaries and the formation of submicrocrystalline structure or nanostructure. High-quality modified castings with a homogeneous structure were obtained. Severe plastic deformation and thermal strengthening (heat treatment) of steels were carried out. As a result of research it was found that the problem of transformation of grain structure and increase of mechanical properties of structural steels can be solved by application of highly efficient technologies: modification, development of rational thermal strengthening process and severe plastic deformation.
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